During the height of the Roman era, Baalbek experienced its golden age. The city’s monumental structures, constructed over a span of more than two centuries, have solidified its reputation as one of the renowned sanctuaries of the Roman world . In the Roman Empire, Baalbek was referred to as “Heliopolis,” which translates to “Sun City,” in homage to the prevalent solar cult in the region. The sun, symbolizing illumination, was chosen as a representation of light in Baalbek.